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1 March 2005 Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Ectoparasiticide Activity of Experimental Benzimidazole-Carbamate with Permethrin and Amitraz
W. Hunter White, Steven M. Bauer, XIAOWEN ZHAO, Jesus A. Gutierrez, CHARLES K. SMITH
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Abstract

A series of in vitro and in vivo bioassays were conducted to assess the ectoparasiticide activity of isopropyl-4-nitro-2,6-bis(trifluoromethyl)-1-benzimidazole-carbamate, an experimental benzimidazole-carbamate class compound. This compound was less potent than permethrin against ectoparasiticide-susceptible larvae of the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae); larvae of the southern cattle tick, Boophilus microplus (Canestrini); and adult stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) in vitro, but it was significantly more potent than permethrin against the Santa Luiza strain of B. microplus known to possess high-level resistance to amitraz and pyrethroids. In contrast, the benzimidazole-carbamate was substantially more efficacious than permethrin when applied topically onto rats that were infested with A. americanum nymphs. These results suggest that this experimental compound may be a viable candidate ectoparasiticide that retains significant activity against resistant B. microplus and also suggests that the benzimidazole-carbamate chemistry may be useful for addressing the growing problem of resistance in ectoparasites.

W. Hunter White, Steven M. Bauer, XIAOWEN ZHAO, Jesus A. Gutierrez, and CHARLES K. SMITH "Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Ectoparasiticide Activity of Experimental Benzimidazole-Carbamate with Permethrin and Amitraz," Journal of Medical Entomology 42(2), 207-211, (1 March 2005). https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2005)042[0207:COIVAI]2.0.CO;2
Received: 12 October 2004; Accepted: 22 November 2004; Published: 1 March 2005
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KEYWORDS
acaricide
benzimidazole-carbamate
Boophilus
larval immersion microassay
resistance
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